apply a screen with color from gradiant according to value

[Ofnuts]

Looks like Color >  Map > Gradient Map . But you are showing applying a dark green and getting very lightly tinted pixels, so there is maybe more to it.

Another solution is to use a luminosity mask and use a bucket-fill on a new layer using the positive and negative mask as selections, and then apply the resulting layer with some blend mode and opacity over the original layer.